منابع مشابه
Generational Economics in a Changing World.
across the developed world, generous welfare state programs for the elderly, together with projected doublings or more in the proportion old, have led to political struggles that sometimes pit younger generations against the elderly. the goal of this chapter is to put the current situation in historical and institutional context. we begin with a brief review of research on hunter-gatherer group...
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To communicate effectively, learners have to become proficient in both the language and the culture of the target language. Being aware of socio-cultural frameworks does not mean that as an outcome of instruction learners have to become "native-like," but an awareness of L2 cultural norms can allow learners to make their own informed choices of how to become competent and astute l...
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I defend a general rule for updating beliefs that takes into account both the impact of new evidence and changes in the subject’s location. The rule combines standard conditioning with a “shifting” operation that moves the center of each doxastic possibility forward to the next point where information arrives. I show that well-known arguments for conditioning lead to this combination when cente...
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A rational agent (artificial or otherwise) residing in a complex changing environment must gather information perceptually, update that information as the world changes, and combine that information with causal information to reason about the changing world. Using the system of defeasible reasoning that is incorporated into the OSCAR architecture for rational agents (Pollock 1995 and 1995a), a ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Population and Development Review
سال: 2011
ISSN: 0098-7921
DOI: 10.1111/j.1728-4457.2011.00380.x